Befana’s name is believed to be a derivative of Epifania, the Italian name for Epiphany, although some historians have suggested that she is a Christian version of an ancient Roman goddess named Strenia or Bestrina. Befana is usually depicted as an old woman who wears a dark-colored shawl over her shoulders and a kerchief on her head. She typically rides or carries a broom, which she is said to have been using to sweep her home when the Three Wise Men arrived. A dedicated housekeeper, she did not want to leave her cleaning duties undone, so she declined their invitation to go with them to greet the infant Jesus.

According to legend Befana had a change of heart after the Magi left her home. Hoping to catch up with them on their journey or meet them on their return, she gathered some sweets and gifts and went to find them. Because the Magi chose a different route on their return, she has instead been searching for them and the baby Jesus ever since. Along the way, she leaves small gifts and treats, such as candy or fruit, for children wherever she goes. For naughty children, however, she leaves a lump of coal or a piece of straw from her broom.